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Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Abstract

Spasticity is a common complication following a stroke, often leading to pain, joint contractures, and functional limitations, all of which reduce the quality of life of survivors. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is recognized as a safe, non-invasive, and promising alternative treatment option for post-stroke spasticity (PSS). This narrative review aims to synthesize the current evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the efficacy of ESWT in treating PSS. Specifically, we focused on evaluating treatment protocols, technical parameters, outcome measurements, the duration of treatment effects, and the combined effect of ESWT with other therapies, aiming to establish a comprehensive understanding of its therapeutic potential in clinical practice. The data accumulated from this review indicate that ESWT is beneficial in reducing PSS, improving motor control, and enhancing function, with benefits observed in both the short and long term. However, inconsistencies in treatment protocols, technical parameters, and outcome measures across studies hinder the development of standardized guidelines. Future research should prioritize well-designed trials to establish optimal protocols, ensuring the long-term effectiveness of ESWT and improving rehabilitation outcomes for stroke survivors.

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